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. S. D. PALMER,

VENT FOR GHURNS,

.No. 516,275. Patented Mar. 13, 18-94..

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THE NATIONAL LITNGGRIPHING COMFA NITED STATES- PATENT OFFICE.

SAMUEL D. PALMER, OF ROCKFORD, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO GEORGEE KING, OF SAME PLACE.

VENT FOR CHURNS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 516,275, dated March13, 1894.

Application filed November 2, 1892. Serial No- 450,787. (No model.) i

ford, in the county of Winnebago and State of Illinois, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in Automatic Vents for Ohurns, ofwhich the following is aspecification.

The object of this invention is to construct a churn having a vent andmeans for positively operating the ventin one direction and a spring foroperating it in the opposite direction.

The further object of this invention is to make the device whichoperates the vent and which has a connection with the supporting frame,movable, out of the range of the vent, so that the vent will remain inits closed position, when the object for which the vent has beenemployed has been accomplished.

In the accompanying drawings-Figure 1 is an isometrical representationof a churn, showing my improvements in connection therewith. 1 Fig. 2 isan isometrical representation of the cam, which has a connection withthe supportingframe which operates the vent. Fig. 3 is a verticalcentral section of my improved vent in its closed position. Fig. 4 is avertical, central section of the vent in its open position. Fig. 5is anisometrical representation of the valve employed in my improved vent.

In the employment of rotary churns it is a known fact that for the firstfew rotations of the churn gases will arise, which has been found todeter the process of forming the butter, and the object of thisinvention is to construct an automatic vent which will allow the escapeof the gas at predetermined intervals, in this instance, once at eachrevolution, and when the gas has ceased to form the mechanism foroperating the vent is thrown out of the range of the vent and thechurning process continued.

The churn shown in the drawings is of the usual rotary barrel form, themechanism for holding the end or cover in position has not been shown,as it was no part of this invention, and such device may be any thatwill hold the cover in proper position.

To the opposite sides of the churn, 1, are

secured trunnions, 2, to one of which is connected the handle 3 forrotating the churn. A supporting frame consisting of the vertical posts4 and the horizontal feet 5 are connected by bars 6, the upper ends ofthe posts 4 being slotted to receive the trunnions of the churn, therebysupporting the churn in a rotatable manner.

My improved vent consists of acylindrical shell 7, having one end closedand the other end being provided with external screw threads 8. A slot 9is formed in the shell near its closed end. From the lower side of theshell extends an L shaped bracket 10, to the front end ofv which isriveted a flat spring 11. Within the shell is located a cylindricalvalve 12, shown at Fig. 5, which has a rectangular stem 13 connectedtherewith and extending from its forward end, leaving side openings 14,which communicate with the interior of the valve. This cylindrical shellis secured to the staves forming the churn body near the upper end ofthe churn, by the screw threads 8 engaging the staves. The valve is thenplaced in position within the shell and a cap 15,- internally screwthreaded engages the external screw threads 16, of the shell, which isprovided with a central opening 17, which allows the stem of the valveto move in a lengthwise direction and the cap prevents the valve frombeing withdrawn. A lever 18 has a pivotal connection with the lowerportion of the L shaped bracket by means of a yoke 19 and at its upperend has a connection with the valve stem by means of a pin 20 engagingthe slot 21 in the stem. The flat spring 11 engages the free end of theyoke and when free to act presses downward on the free end of the yoke,moving the upper end of the lever 18 toward the churn body, consequentlyholding the valve in its innermost position.

.To the upper end of one of the vertical posts 4 is secured a cam,consisting of the plate 22 and the depending arms 23, having their lowerends turned toward each other. These lower ends are inserted in holes inthe upper end of the frame, and the cam, as such, is held in a verticalposition by the arms 23 lying in depressions formed in the frame. Thiscam is so located with reference to the lever 18, of

the vent, as to move the lower end of the lever toward the body of thechurn. In use the cam is placed in its vertical position for the purposeshown in Fig. 1 of the drawings, and when the cream has been placed inthe churn and the cover secured thereon, the churn may be rotated bymeans of the handle, and at each revolution the lower end of the lever18 will come in contact with the inclined face of the cam plate 22,which will move the lever upon its pivot, consequently moving its upperend outward, which will withdraw the valve stem, allowing the gas withinthe churn to enter the opening 14 on the under side of the shell 7,passing through 1 the valve and escaping to the outside of the churn. Bycontinuing the rotation of the churn the lever 18 will passbeyond thecam and the action of the fiat spring will force the valve to its inneror closed position, thereby cutting off the communication with theinterior of the churn.

This ventisautomaticallyoperated onceduring each revolution of thechurn, and by locating the ventin the end of the churn the height of thecreamwithin the churn will be below the vent during the opening andclosing process of the valve. As the gas from the cream only formsduring the first few revolutions of the churn it is unnecessary tooperate the vent except during the interval the gas is forming. I havemade the cam for operating the vent movable out of range of the cam,which is accomplished by simply moving the cam upon its pivotalconnection with the supporting frame of, the churn as shown in dottedlines in Fig.1 and the balance of the churning pro cess can beaccomplished without operating the vent.

I claim as my invention- A churn provided with a vent, consisting of atubular shell, having a screw thread ongagement with the churn, andhaving an opening near its inner end communicating with the interior ofthe churn, a tubular plunger located in the shell capable of alongitudinal movement, a shank extending from the plunger, an armpivoted to a bracket depending from the shell, one end engaging theshank, and means secured to the churn frame for operating upon the otherend and the spring for the arm.

SAMUEL D. PALMER. Witnesses:

A. O. BEHEL, N. M. SOUTHWORTH.

